Documentation
Hardware & Modules

Hardware & Modules

Everything about the physical side of Palpable -- the Pi, the modules, and how they connect.


The Raspberry Pi Zero 2 W

This is the tiny computer at the center of your setup. It's about the size of a stick of gum and runs the Palpable bridge software, which talks to your sensors and connects to the cloud.

Things to know:

  • WiFi: Only works on 2.4 GHz networks. If your router has both 2.4 and 5 GHz, make sure you're connecting to the 2.4 GHz one.
  • Power: Use a USB-C charger rated at 5V, 2.5A or higher. Most phone chargers work. Avoid powering it from a laptop USB port -- it usually doesn't supply enough power.
  • SD card: Needs at least 8 GB, formatted as FAT32. Most new cards work out of the box.

Other Raspberry Pi models may work but are not officially tested. The Pi Zero 2 W is recommended because of its small size, low power consumption, and WiFi support.


Connecting modules

All Palpable modules use the Qwiic connector system. These are tiny 4-pin cables that click into place -- no soldering, no wiring diagrams, no pin counting.

How to connect

  1. Find the Qwiic port on your Pi (or a Qwiic adapter board if your Pi doesn't have one built in)
  2. Click a Qwiic cable into the port
  3. Click the other end into your first module
  4. To add more modules: each module has two Qwiic ports. Plug a cable from the second port to the next module. You can chain them like this:

That's it. The Pi automatically detects every module on the chain.

Good to know

  • Hot-swappable -- add, remove, or swap modules at any time without powering off. The Pi detects changes automatically.
  • Up to 8 modules can be chained reliably
  • Order doesn't matter -- the Pi finds them all regardless of position
  • Keep cables short -- total cable length under 50 cm works best. Longer runs can cause connection issues.
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Module not detected? Try these steps in order: reseat the cable on both ends, try a different cable, shorten the chain, power-cycle the Pi (unplug and replug USB-C).


Available modules

Palpable supports 30+ plug-and-play modules. Here are the most popular ones:

Sensors (they measure things)

ModuleWhat it measures
Modulino ThermoTemperature and humidity
BME280Temperature, humidity, and air pressure
SCD41CO2 concentration
SGP40Air quality (volatile organic compounds)
Modulino DistanceDistance to the nearest object (up to 2 meters)
ICM-20948Motion and orientation (accelerometer + gyroscope)
MAX30101Heart rate and blood oxygen
NAU7802Weight (with a load cell)
VEML7700Ambient light level

Inputs (you interact with them)

ModuleWhat it does
Modulino KnobRotary encoder (turn to change a value) with push button
Modulino Buttons3 tactile buttons, each with an RGB LED
Modulino JoystickAnalog joystick with push button
Qwiic ButtonSingle illuminated button
Qwiic Keypad12-key number pad

Outputs (they do things)

ModuleWhat it does
Modulino BuzzerPlays tones (100-10,000 Hz)
Modulino Pixels8 individually addressable RGB LEDs
Modulino LightSingle LED (adjustable brightness)
SSD1306 OLEDSmall screen (128x32 or 128x64 pixels)
Qwiic RelayControls high-power devices (lights, fans, pumps)

Modules are available in the Palpable store inside the app. Want support for a new module? Request it on our feedback board (opens in a new tab).


Status LED

Your Pi has a small LED that communicates what's going on:

What the LED doesWhat it means
Stays onSystem is booting up. Wait about 30 seconds.
Blinks slowly (1x per second)Connecting to WiFi or the cloud. Wait.
Blinks fast (4x per second)Something went wrong. Check WiFi credentials or power supply.
OffEverything is running normally.

The button

Your Pi has a physical button that provides quick controls:

What you doWhat happens
Short press (under 2 seconds)The LED flashes to show device status
Long press (hold for 10+ seconds)Factory reset -- clears all settings. You'll need to re-flash the SD card.

Changing WiFi after setup

If you move your Pi to a different network:

  1. Power off the Pi and remove the SD card
  2. Open the SD card on a computer
  3. Edit the file at palpable/settings.txt
  4. Update the WIFI_SSID and WIFI_PSK lines with your new network details
  5. Put the SD card back and power on

Or, generate a fresh setup from the Palpable app (Devices > Add Device) with the new WiFi credentials and copy it to the SD card.


Power tips

  • Use a dedicated USB-C charger, not a laptop USB port
  • If your Pi keeps rebooting or losing WiFi, the power supply is probably too weak
  • Modules with LEDs at full brightness (like Modulino Pixels) draw more power. If you have 6+ modules and see instability, try a stronger power supply